Method of producing lithographic drawings



UNiTno STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FRANKLIN F. I-IAGGENMULLER, OF NEIV YORK, ASSIGNOR TO EMILINE BISHOP, OFBROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

METHOD OF PRODUCING LITHOGRAPHIC DRAWINGS.-

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 494,859, dated April 4,1893.

Application filed January 27, 1892. Serial No. 419,383. (No specimens.)

, To 12:55 whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, FRANKLIN F. HAGGEN- York, have invented a new andImproved Method for Producing Lithographic Drawings, of which thefollowing is a full, clear, and exact description.

The invention relates to lithography, and its object is to provide a newand improved method for producing in a very simple and rapid manner,lithographic drawings on stones or plates.

According to an old and well known method, a stippl'ed surface has beenproduced upon a lithographic stone which was subsequently grained (byuse of sand). But, in the graining operation, the points of the stipplesare abraded too much so that the surface of the stone as a whole isrendered uneven and consequently imperfect for lithographic printing.This is the principle defect which I have remedied by my method, and thechief distinction of the latter from the old method above referred tolies in this, thatI first produce the stippled surface and then transferan impression of it upon a previously-prepared grained surface. By thisand the subsequent operations hereinafter specified I produce a superiorprinting surface and th us attain superior sheets in the prints takenfrom it.

In carrying out my method, I take a lithographic stone having a flatsmooth surface, andI produce thereon an even stipple,by hand, withlithographic ink. From this stippled surface I now take afull impressionby means of lithographic transfer paper, with acid-resisting ink, andthis impression is transferred to a stone having a grained surface ofthe usual character. The next step consists in dusting the grainedsurface to which the transfor has thus been made with finely-powderedasphaltnm, or some other gum capable of protecting the stipples fromeffect of the acid which (as the next step) is applied to the surfacefor etching it, in order that the stipples may be left in slight relief.To state more in detail this part of the operation, I will add that theasphaltum adheres only to the stipples, and all the remaining portion iseasily removed by means of a piece of soft cloth, or

stance.

down more or less all the surface save that' portion which the stippleink protects, the stipples being thus left in slight relief, the stoneis washed with turpentine-in the usual way-to remove the ink from thestipples or,

raised points. The next step consists in washing the stippled surfacewith acetic acid, diluted with water, or with a solution of alum. Thisis for the purpose of removing grease or fatty matter that adheres tothe surface, and which would prevent attainment of success in printing.such matter were not removed, and a drawing be made upon the surfacewith a lithographic crayon, then, in rolling up with ink, not merely thestipples, but the entire surface would absorb the ink and the deviceappear black in the print. In other words, the washing with dilute acidrestores the stone to its original condition before the stippleink wasapplied. The stone is now ready to receive the design, which is drawnthereon with a lithographic crayon in the usual way.

For economy of labor, that is to say, to avoid making a drawing with thelithographic crayon, I may extend the above-described method ofpreparing the drawing surface as follows: The stippled and acid-washedsurface is treated with an ink-taking transparent, or translucent,substance of a fatty, or resinous, nature, such as asphaltum, for in-This fatty or resinous substance, being in a liquid state, is pouredover the entire surface, and then rolled with a roller so that it isevenly spread, and then the artist, by the use of a scraper, or bone, orpumice stone, scrapes oif or removes, by abrasive action, at differentpoints, as required, more or less of the thickness of the asphaltumcoat, and thus leaves the points of the stipples entirely bare and cleanat such points, or else thinly covered with the asphaltum, the depth Inother words, if,

Now for pictures requiring about eight or ten stones, several aretreated with a fatty substance as described, while the rest are treatedwith the crayon. Those treated with a fatty substance, as abovedescribed,contain light colors only, as the bare stipple points do notprint and white dots only appear in the impression. Thus, this part isonly suited for light color work. The darker colors are treated on theseveral stones with the crayon in the usual manner.

It will be seen that by this method, the original uniform stipple tintis preserved and consequently a high grade picture can readily beproduced. By treating the stone or plate with an acid as abovedescribed, I am enabled to make any alterations or changes desired, asthe original stipple remains intact and can be treated over and overagain for corrections, by first washing out with turpentine and thentreating the washed out portion with the acid, so as to be in conditionto be acted on by the crayon. rections on the stone treated with thefatty substance can be made by treating the faulty part with thesolution of acid above referred to, then drawing on the bare stippleswith the crayon.

Having thus fully described my invention, I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent- 1. The herein-described method of producing alithographic printing surface, which consists in transferring to thegrained surface of a stone or plate capable of taking lithographic ink,an impression taken with acid-resisting ink from an ink-stippledsurface, then etch- Ohanges or coring the unprotected part of the stoneor plate, next removing the ink stipple, and finally treating the stonewith an acid substantially as described.

2. The herein-described method of producing a lithographic printingsurface consist ing of graining the stone or plate, then formingthereon, by a transfer, an even stipple by means of an acid-resistingink, then etching the unprotected part of the stone or plate, thenremoving the ink stipple, and finally treating the stone with an acid,substantially as described.

3. The herein described method for producing lithographic drawings,consisting of first graining the stone or plate, then forming thereon bytransfer an even stipple by an acid-resisting ink, then etching theunprotected part of the stone or plate, then removing the ink stipplefrom the stone, then treating the stone with an acid, and then formingthe picture on the points of the stipple with the ordinary lithographiccrayon, substantially as described.

4. The herein-described method of preparing a lithographic printingsurface and producing a drawing thereon, which consists in the followingsteps; first, transferring to the grained surface of a lithographicstone, or plate, an impression taken with an acid-resisting ink from anink-stippled surface; second, covering the stippled surface with as-'phaltum, or its equivalent; third, removing the asphaltum, save suchportion as adheres to the stipples; fourth, etching the unprotected partof the stone, or plate; fifth, removing the ink stipple; sixth, washingthe surface with an acid, to remove fattymatter; seventh, covering thesurface with asphaltum or other ink-taking substance; and eighth,removing the asphaltum coat either wholly or partly, at the requiredpoints, according to the toning effect desired, as set forth.

7 FRANKLIN F. HAGGENMULLER.

Witnesses:

THEO. G. 'HOSTER, O. SEDGWICK.

